Ngomhla we-13 ku-Okthobha, ngo-2023, uMbutho waseMelika woVavanyo kunye neZixhobo (ASTM) wakhupha umgangatho wokhuseleko lokudlala we-ASTM F963-23. Umgangatho omtsha ikakhulu uhlaziywe ukufikeleleka kweethoyi zesandi, iibhetri, iipropathi ezibonakalayo kunye neemfuno zobugcisa zezixhobo zokwandisa kunye neethoyi ze-catapult, wacacisa kwaye wahlengahlengisa iimfuno zolawulo lwe-phthalates, iintsimbi ze-toy substrate ezixolelweyo, kunye neemfuno ezongeziweyo kwiilebhile zokulandelela kunye nemiyalelo yokugcina ukungaguquguquki. kunye nemigaqo yomanyano kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yeKhomishini yoKhuseleko lweMveliso yoMthengi (CPSC) eMelika.
1. Inkcazo okanye isigama
Iinkcazelo ezongeziweyo ze "isixhobo sasekhaya esiqhelekileyo" kunye "necandelo elisusekayo", kunye neenkcazo ezisusiweyo ze "isixhobo". Wongeze ingxoxo emfutshane malunga "kufuphi nento yokudlala endlebeni" kunye "nethoyi ebanjwa ngesandla" ukwenza iinkcazo zicace ngakumbi. Ihlaziywe inkcazo ye "tabletop, floor, or crib toy" kunye nengxoxo eyongezelelweyo ukucacisa ngakumbi umda wolu hlobo lokudlala.
2. Iimfuno zokhuseleko kwizinto zetsimbi kwii-substrates zokudlala
Inqaku le-4 elongezelelweyo, elichaza ukufikeleleka kwezinto ezithile; Kongezwe amagatya ahlukeneyo achaza izixhobo zokuxolelwa kunye neemeko zokuxolelwa ukuze zicace ngakumbi.
Eli candelo lomgangatho liye lenze uhlengahlengiso olubalulekileyo kunye nohlengahlengiso, lubandakanya ngokupheleleyo isigqibo se-CPSC sangaphambili sokukhulula uvavanyo lomntu wesithathu kunye neemfuno zesiqinisekiso sezinto zokudlala, ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana nokuxolelwa okufanelekileyo phantsi kwemigaqo yeCPSIA.
3. Imigangatho yeMicrobial yamanzi asetyenziswa kwimveliso kunye nokuzaliswa kwezinto zokudlala
Kwizinto zokuthambisa zokudlala, i-liquids, i-pastes, i-gel, i-powders kunye neemveliso zeentsiba zeenkukhu, ngokweemfuno zokucoceka kwe-microbial, kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa inguqulo yakamuva ye-USP indlela endaweni yokusebenzisa kuphela i-USP 35, <1231>.
4. Iindidi kunye noMda wokusetyenziswa kwe-Phthalate Esters
Kwi-phthalates, umda wesicelo uye wandiswa ukusuka kwi-pacifiers, amathoyizi ezwi, kunye neegummies kuyo nayiphi na into yokudlala yabantwana, kwaye izinto ezilawulwayo ziye zandiswa ukusuka kwi-DEHP ukuya kwi-8 phthalates ekhankanywe kwi-16 CFR 1307 (DEHP, DBP, BBP, DINP, DIBP, DPENP, DHEXP, DCHP). Indlela yokuvavanya iguqulwe ukusuka kwi-ASTM D3421 ukuya kwi-CPSIA indlela yokuvavanya echaziweyo ye-CPSC-CH-C001-09.4 (okanye inguqulelo yayo yamva nje), kunye nemida ehambelanayo. Ngexesha elifanayo, ukukhululwa kwe-phthalates egqitywe yi-CPSC kwi-16 CFR 1252, i-16 CFR 1253, kunye ne-16 CFR 1308 nayo yaziswa kwaye yamkelwa.
5. Iimfuno zeethoyi zesandi
Izinto zokudlala ezilungiselelwe ngokukodwa abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-14 ubudala kufuneka zihlangabezane neemfuno ezivakalayo ngaphambi nasemva kovavanyo oluqhelekileyo lokusetyenziswa kunye nokuxhatshazwa, ukwandisa umda weemfuno zokudlala ezivakalayo. Emva kokuchaza kwakhona iithoyi zokutyhala, iithoyi zetafile, iithoyi zomgangatho, okanye iithoyi zokulala, iimfuno ezahlukeneyo ziya kudweliswa kuhlobo ngalunye lwethoyi enengxolo.
6. Ibhetri
Ukuphuculwa kweemfuno zokufikeleleka kweebhetri, kunye novavanyo lokuxhatshazwa luyafuneka kwizinto zokudlala ezineminyaka eyi-8 ukuya kwe-14; Iziqhoboshi kwimodyuli yebhetri akufunekanga ziphume emva kovavanyo lwempatho-gadalala kwaye kufuneka zilungiswe kwinto yokudlala okanye imodyuli yebhetri; Izixhobo ezithile ezibonelelwe ngento yokudlala yokuvula iziqhoboshi ezithile zezixhobo zebhetri (ezifana ne-plum blossom, i-hexagonal wrench) kufuneka zichazwe kwincwadana yemiyalelo.
7. Olunye uhlaziyo
Ukwandiswa kobubanzi bokusetyenziswa kwemathiriyeli yokwandiswa, ekwasebenza kwezinye izixhobo ezithile ezingeyonxalenye encinci yokwandisa; Kwiimfuno zokuleyibheli, ileyibhile yokulandeleka efunwa ngurhulumente wesigqeba yongezwe; Kwizinto zokudlala ezibonelelwa ngabavelisi abanezixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokuvula amacandelo ebhetri, imiyalelo okanye izixhobo kufuneka zikhumbuze abathengi ukuba bagcine esi sixhobo ukuze basetyenziswe kwixesha elizayo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba esi sixhobo kufuneka sigcinwe ngaphandle kokufikelela kubantwana kwaye akufanele sibe yinto yokudlala. Iinkcukacha zezixhobo zomgangatho kuvavanyo lwe-Drop zithatyathelwa indawo yi-ASTM F1066 ye-Federal Specification SS-T-312B; Uvavanyo lweempembelelo zamathoyizi e-catapult, imeko yokuvavanya yongezwe ukuqinisekisa ukulinganiselwa kokuyila komtya wesaphetha onokusolulwa okanye ukugoba ngendlela ecacileyo.
Okwangoku, i-16 CFR 1250 isasebenzisa i-ASTM F963-17 uguqulelo njengomgangatho onyanzelekileyo wokhuseleko lwethoyi, kwaye i-ASTM F963-23 kulindeleke ukuba yamkelwe njengomgangatho osinyanzelo kwiimveliso zokudlala kwangoko ngo-Epreli 2024. Ngokutsho koPhuculo loKhuseleko lweMveliso yoMthengi Umthetho (CPSIA) waseUnited States, xa umgangatho ohlaziyiweyo we-ASTM upapashwa kwaye waziswe ngokusemthethweni kwi-CPSC ukuba ihlaziywe, i-CPSC iya kuba neentsuku ezingama-90 zokugqiba ukuba ichase naluphi na uhlaziyo olwenziwa yi-arhente engaluphuculi ukhuseleko lokudlala; Ukuba akukho sichaso siphakanyiswayo, i-ASTM F963-23 iya kuchazwa njengemfuneko enyanzelekileyo ye-CPSIA kunye neemveliso zokudlala e-United States nge-16 CFR iSigaba 1250 (16 CFR iSigaba 1250) phakathi kweentsuku ezili-180 emva kwesaziso (esilindeleke phakathi kuka-Aprili 2024).
ILebhu yoVavanyo lwe-BTF liziko lovavanyo elivunyiweyo yiNkonzo yeSizwe yoQinisekiso lwaseTshayina yoVavanyo lokuThobela (CNAS), inombolo: L17568. Emva kweminyaka yophuhliso, i-BTF inelabhoratri ehambelana ne-electromagnetic, ilabhu yonxibelelwano engenazingcingo, ilebhu yeSAR, ilebhu yokhuseleko, ilebhu yokuthembeka, ilebhu yovavanyo lwebhetri, uvavanyo lwekhemikhali kunye nezinye iilabhoratri. Inonxibelelwano olugqibeleleyo lwe-electromagnetic, amaza onomathotholo, ukhuseleko lwemveliso, ukuthembeka kokusingqongileyo, uhlalutyo lokusilela kwezinto, i-ROHS/REACH kunye nobunye ubuchule bokuvavanya. ILebhu yoVavanyo lwe-BTF ixhotyiswe ngamaziko ovavanyo abuchwephesha kunye apheleleyo, iqela elinamava ovavanyo kunye neengcali zesatifikethi, kunye nokukwazi ukusombulula uvavanyo oluntsonkothileyo kunye neengxaki zesiqinisekiso. Sithobela imigaqo ekhokelayo "yobulungisa, ukungakhethi buso, ukuchaneka, kunye nokungqongqo" kwaye silandela ngokungqongqo iimfuno ze-ISO/IEC 17025 yovavanyo kunye nenkqubo yolawulo lwelebhu yokulinganisa kulawulo lwezenzululwazi. Sizimisele ukubonelela abathengi ngeyona nkonzo iphakamileyo. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na imibuzo, nceda uzive ukhululekile ukuqhagamshelana nathi nangaliphi na ixesha.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-11-2024
