Intshayelelo yeGPSR

1.Yintoni i-GPSR?
I-GPSR ibhekisa kuMmiselo woKhuseleko lweMveliso Jikelele yakutsha nje okhutshwe yiKhomishini yaseYurophu, engummiselo obalulekileyo wokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwemveliso kwimarike ye-EU. Iza kuqala ukusebenza nge-13 kaDisemba 2024, kwaye i-GPSR iya kuthatha indawo yoMyalelo okhoyo ngoku woKhuseleko lweMveliso ngokuBanzi kunye noMyalelo weMveliso yokuLingisa ukutya.
Umda wesicelo: Lo mmiselo usebenza kuzo zonke iimveliso ezingatyiyo ezithengiswa ngaphandle kweintanethi nakwi-intanethi.
2.Nguwuphi umahluko phakathi kwe-GPSR kunye nemigaqo yokhuseleko yangaphambili?
I-GPSR luluhlu lweenguqu ezibalulekileyo kunye nophuculo kwi-EU yangaphambili ye-EU General Product Safety Directive (GPSD). Ngokuhambelana nokuthotyelwa kwemveliso umntu onoxanduva, ukuleyibhelishwa kwemveliso, amaxwebhu esatifikethi, kunye nemijelo yonxibelelwano, i-GPSR ivelise iimfuno ezintsha, ezinomahluko obalulekileyo kwi-GPSD.
1) Ukonyuka kokuThotyelwa kweMveliso uMntu onoxanduva

GPSD: ① Umvelisi ② ​​Umsasazi ③ uMthengisi ④ Ummeli womvelisi
GPSR: ① Abavelisi, ② Abarhwebi, ③ Abasasazi, ④ Abameli abaGunyaziweyo, ⑤ Ababoneleli ngeNkonzo, ⑥ abaBoneleli beMarike ye-Intanethi, ⑦ Amaqumrhu aNgabanye aBavelisi Abenza uLungiso oluBalulekileyo kwiiMveliso [Zongezwe eziNdidi ezi-3]
2) Ukongezwa kweempawu zemveliso
GPSD: ① Isazisi somvelisi kunye neenkcukacha ezineenkcukacha ② Inombolo yesalathiso yemveliso okanye inombolo yebhetshi ③ Ulwazi lwesilumkiso (ukuba lukhona)
GPSR: ① Uhlobo lwemveliso, ibhetshi okanye inombolo yothotho ② Igama lomvelisi, igama lokuthengisa elibhalisiweyo okanye uphawu lokuthengisa ③ Idilesi yomenzi yeposi neye-elektroniki ④ Ulwazi lwesilumkiso (ukuba lukhona) ⑤ Ubudala obufanelekileyo kubantwana (ukuba bukhona) 【 Kongezwe iindidi ezi-2 】
3) Amaxwebhu obungqina obuninzi
GPSD: ① Incwadi yemiyalelo ② Ingxelo yovavanyo
GPSR: ① Amaxwebhu obugcisa ② Incwadi yomyalelo ③ Ingxelo yovavanyo 【 Amaxwebhu obugcisa afakiwe 】
4) Ukunyuka kwamajelo onxibelelwano
GPSD: N/A
GPSR: ① Inombolo yefowuni ② Idilesi ye-imeyile ③ Iwebhusayithi yomvelisi 【Ijelo lonxibelelwano elongeziweyo, unxibelelwano olulula oluphuculweyo 】
Njengoxwebhu olulawulayo kukhuseleko lwemveliso kwiManyano yaseYurophu, iGPSR iqaqambisa ukomelezwa ngakumbi kulawulo lokhuseleko lwemveliso kwi-EU. Kucetyiswa ukuba abathengisi baphonononge ngokukhawuleza ukuthotyelwa kwemveliso ukuqinisekisa ukuthengisa okuqhelekileyo.
3.Ziziphi iimfuno ezisisinyanzelo zeGPSR?
Ngokwemigaqo ye-GPSR, ukuba umsebenzisi uzibandakanya kwintengiso ekude kwi-intanethi, kufuneka abonise ngokucacileyo nangokucacileyo olu lwazi lulandelayo kwiwebhusayithi yakhe:
a. Igama lomenzi, igama lokuthengisa elibhalisiweyo okanye uphawu lokuthengisa, kunye nedilesi yeposi neye-elektroniki.
b. Ukuba umenzi akanayo idilesi ye-EU, nikezela ngegama kunye neenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zomntu onoxanduva lwe-EU.
c. Isichongi semveliso (efana nefoto, uhlobo, ibhetshi, inkcazelo, inombolo yothotho).
d. Isilumkiso okanye ulwazi lokhuseleko.
Ke ngoko, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthengisa okuthobelayo kweemveliso, abathengisi abafanelekileyo kufuneka babhalise umntu onoxanduva lwe-EU xa bebeka iimveliso zabo kwintengiso ye-EU kwaye baqinisekise ukuba iimveliso zithwala ulwazi olubonakalayo, kubandakanya oku kulandelayo:
①UmNtu oXhakelelekileyo we-EU obhalisiweyo
Ngokwemigaqo ye-GPSR, yonke imveliso eqaliswe kwimarike ye-EU kufuneka ibe nomsebenzisi wezoqoqosho osekwe kwi-EU onoxanduva lwemisebenzi enxulumene nokhuseleko. Ulwazi lomntu onoxanduva kufuneka luboniswe ngokucacileyo kwimveliso okanye ukupakishwa kwayo, okanye kumaxwebhu akhaphayo. Qinisekisa ukuba amaxwebhu obugcisa anokunikezelwa kwii-arhente zolongamelo lwemarike njengoko kufuneka, kwaye xa kukho nakuphi na ukungasebenzi kakuhle, ingozi, okanye ukukhumbula iimveliso ezivela kubavelisi abangaphandle kwe-EU, abameli abagunyazisiweyo abavela kwi-EU baya kuqhagamshelana kwaye bazise abasemagunyeni abafanelekileyo.
②Qinisekisa ukuba imveliso iqulethe ulwazi olubonakalayo
Ngokubhekiselele ekulandeleni umkhondo, abavelisi banesibophelelo sokuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zabo zithwala ulwazi olubonakalayo, olufana neebhetshi okanye iinombolo zothotho, ukuze abathengi bakwazi ukuzijonga ngokulula kwaye bazichonge. I-GPSR idinga abaqhubi bezoqoqosho ukuba banike ulwazi malunga neemveliso kwaye bachonge abathengi babo okanye ababoneleli babo phakathi kwe-10 kunye ne-6 iminyaka emva kokunikezelwa, ngokulandelelana. Ke ngoko, abathengisi kufuneka baqokelele kwaye bagcine idatha efanelekileyo.

Imakethi ye-EU isomeleza ngakumbi uphononongo lwayo lokuthotyelwa kwemveliso, kwaye amaqonga amakhulu e-e-commerce ngokuthe ngcembe abeka phambili iimfuno ezingqongqo zokuthotyelwa kwemveliso. Abathengisi kufuneka bazihlole kwangethuba ukuze baqinisekise ukuba imveliso ihlangabezana neemfuno zolawulo ezifanelekileyo. Ukuba imveliso ifunyaniswa ingahambelani noogunyaziwe basekhaya kwimarike yaseYurophu, oko kunokukhokelela ekukhunjulweni kwemveliso, kwaye ide ifune ukususwa kwe-inventri ukuze kubhene kwaye kuqalise ukuthengisa.